Nicomachean Ethics Aristotle - The Nicomachean Ethics is one of Aristotle's most widely read and influential works. Ideas central to ethics-that happiness is the end of human endeavor, that moral virtue is formed through action and habituation, and that good action requires prudence-found their most powerful proponent in the person medieval scholars simply called "the Philosopher." Drawing on their intimate knowledge of Aristotle's thought, Robert...

OUR next task is to study coming-to-be and passing-away. We are to distinguish the causes, and to state the definitions, of these processes considered in general, as changes predicable uniformly of all the things that come-to-be and pass-away by nature. Further, we are to study growth and 'alteration'. We must inquire what each of them is; and whether 'alteration' is to be, identified with coming-to-be, or whether to these different names there correspond...

Ancient accounts of Aristotle credit him with 170 Constitutions of various states; it is widely assumed that these were research for the Politics, and that many of them were written or drafted by his students. Athens, however, was a particularly important state, and where Aristotle was living at the time; it is plausible that, even if students did the others, Aristotle did that one himself, and possible that it was, intended as, a model for the rest....

Der dritte Band der Philosophischen Schriften enthält die deutsche Übersetzung der Nikomachischen Ethik. Ihr Gegenstand ist das ›tätige Leben‹ des Menschen (als eines aus Leib und Seele zusammengesetzten Ganzen): Gerechtigkeit, Tapferkeit und andere Tugenden in allem Handeln mit dem Ziel zu verwirklichen, ein Höchstmaß an Glückseligkeit zu erlangen. Die Ethiken des Aristoteles bilden die ersten grundlegenden und umfassenden Analysen zur...

Der zweite Band der Philosophischen Schriften enthält mit der Topik und den Sophistischen Widerlegungen zwei Texte, die dem sogenannten Organon, also den logischen und methodischen Schriften des Aristoteles, zugerechnet werden. Die Sophistischen Widerlegungen (De sophisticis elenchis) werden meist als neuntes Buch der Topik bezeichnet und sind dieser als Anhang beigegeben. In der Topik begründet Aristoteles einen Argumentationsschlüssel, in dem...

Jonathan Barnes taught at the universities of Oxford, Geneva, and Paris-Sorbonne. He has published extensively on ancient philosophy and is the editor of The Complete Works of Aristotle: The Revised Oxford Translation (Princeton). Melissa Lane is professor of politics at Princeton University and the author of The Birth of Politics (Princeton). Aristotle was the first philosopher in the Western tradition to address politics systematically and empirically,...

Written in 350 BC, Aristotle's "De Anima" or "On the Soul" is not a work on spirituality, as the title would suggest, but rather a work that could be described as one of biopsychology, or a work on the subject of psychology from a biological perspective. Aristotle's exposition centers on the soul. Aristotle's soul however is not the same as the common modern spiritual conception of something distinct from the body that lives on past death. Rather...

We must now treat of youth and old age and life and death. We must probably also at the same time state the causes of respiration as well, since in some cases living and the reverse depend on this.

The reasons for some animals being long-lived and others short-lived, and, in a word, causes of the length and brevity of life.

Written sometime in the 4th Century BC, Aristotle's "Rhetoric" is the definitive treatise on the art of persuasive public speaking. The art of oratorical persuasion was an essential skill for the successful politician during the days of ancient Greece and Aristotle's "Rhetoric" is considered one of the greatest works from antiquity on the subject. Like many of the surviving works attributable to Aristotle, "Rhetoric" was not intended for public dissemination,...